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The saxophone was invented
by Adolphe Sax and patented in France in 1846. In fact, 14
types of saxophones were patented by Sax and were divided
into groups designed for military or for orchestral use. The
saxophone has a conical body of brass that expands slightly
toward its larger end. Along the body are from 20 to 23 note
holes, each covered with a pad that can be lifted by one of
the keys in a mechanical system. The instrument's mouthpiece,
which cradles a single reed, resembles the clarinet's and
is commonly made of a plastic material. Compared to other
wind instruments, the saxophone's technique is straightforward
and easy to master. While it is assumed that Sax invented
the instrument to provide military bands with a link between
the higher woodwinds and brasses, the instrument also was
put to symphonic use by composers, including Georges Bizet
and Jules Massenet. Its chief contemporary use is with military
and marching bands--where alto, tenor, and baritone saxophones
are customarily found--and in jazz and dance bands--where
it is a leading melodic voice.
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From Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia © 1999 The
Learning Company, Inc
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